Arava

Leflunomide, the active ingredient in Arava, works by inhibiting certain enzymes involved in the immune response, which helps reduce inflammation and suppress the overactive immune system characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis.

Medicament is available in tablet form and is typically taken orally once a day. The dosage may vary depending on the severity of the condition and the individual response to treatment.

During the initial phase of treatment, a higher loading dose of Arava may be prescribed for a few days, followed by a lower maintenance dose for the long-term management of rheumatoid arthritis.

Regular blood tests are often recommended to monitor liver function and blood cell counts while taking Arava.

How to use

Here are some general guidelines on how to use Arava:

1. Timing: Arava is typically taken orally once a day, preferably at the same time each day. You can take it with or without food, but try to be consistent with your chosen timing to help establish a routine.
2. Swallow the tablet whole: Take the tablet with water. Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet, as it is designed to release the medication slowly over time.
3. Duration of treatment: Drug is often used as a long-term treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Do not stop taking Arava abruptly, even if you start to feel better. Abruptly stopping the medication may lead to a worsening of symptoms.
4. Contraception: It is important to use effective contraception during treatment with Arava, as the medication can cause harm to an unborn baby.
5. Other medications and vaccinations: Some medications may interact with Arava and affect its effectiveness or increase the risk of side effects.

Dosage

The dosage of Arava prescribed to you will depend on various factors, including the severity of your condition, your individual response to the medication, and any other medications you may be taking. The following information provides general dosage guidelines:

1. Adult Dosage: The usual starting dose of Arava for adults with rheumatoid arthritis is 100 mg once daily for the first three days (loading dose), followed by a maintenance dose of 10-20 mg once daily.
2. Elderly Patients: In elderly individuals or patients with reduced kidney function, the initial dosage and maintenance dose may be lower to minimize the risk of side effects.
3. Pediatric Dosage: Leflunomide is not typically recommended for use in children unless specifically prescribed by a pediatric specialist.
4. Duration of Treatment: Arava is often used as a long-term treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. The duration of treatment will be determined based on your individual needs.
5. Regular Monitoring: Regular blood tests to assess liver function and blood cell counts may be conducted. Attend regular follow-up appointments to discuss any concerns or changes in your condition.

Side effects

Arava may cause certain side effects in some individuals. Here are some common side effects:

1. Gastrointestinal Effects: Arava may cause nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, indigestion, or loss of appetite. Taking the medication with food or dividing the dose throughout the day may help alleviate these symptoms.
2. Skin Reactions: Some individuals may experience a rash, itching, or hair loss while taking Arava.
3. Headache: Medicament can occasionally cause headaches.
4. Respiratory Effects: In rare cases, Arava may cause respiratory symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, or lung inflammation. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any respiratory distress.
5. Elevated Liver Enzymes: Leflunomide can affect liver function, leading to elevated liver enzyme levels. Regular monitoring of liver function through blood tests is typically conducted.
6. Blood Disorders: Arava may affect blood cell production in some individuals, leading to decreased levels of certain blood cells. Symptoms of blood disorders may include easy bruising, bleeding gums, or frequent infections. Regular blood tests are usually performed to monitor blood cell counts.
7. Hypertension: Drug can occasionally raise blood pressure levels. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is important during treatment.
8. Immune System Suppression: Arava suppresses the immune system, which may increase the risk of infections.

Storage

To ensure the proper storage of Arava, please follow these guidelines:

1. Store at Room Temperature: Keep tablets at room temperature, typically between 20°C and 25°C (68°F and 77°F).
2. Protect from Moisture: Keep the medication in its original container with the lid tightly closed. Protect it from moisture, and avoid storing it in the bathroom or any area with high humidity.
3. Keep Away from Heat: Store Arava away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and extreme temperatures. Do not freeze the medication.
4. Childproof Container: Keep the medication out of reach and sight of children and pets. Arava should be stored in a childproof container to prevent accidental ingestion.
5. Disposal: Do not dispose of Arava by flushing it down the toilet or pouring it down the drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard any expired or unused medication in accordance with local regulations or take-back programs.

Always check the specific storage instructions provided on the packaging or consult your pharmacist for any additional storage recommendations. Following these storage guidelines will help ensure the stability and effectiveness of Arava throughout its shelf life.

Overdose

If you suspect an overdose of Arava or have taken more than the prescribed dose, it is important to seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center. An overdose of Arava can be serious and may require prompt medical intervention. Here are some general guidelines regarding an overdose:

1. Symptoms: Overdosing on Arava can lead to an increased risk of experiencing severe side effects associated with the medication. These may include liver problems, respiratory issues, blood disorders, and an increased risk of infections. Symptoms of an overdose may vary depending on the individual and the amount of medication taken. It is essential to seek medical help to assess your condition.
2. Supportive Measures: Treatment for an overdose of Arava may involve supportive measures to manage symptoms and stabilize your condition. This may include measures to support liver function, addressing respiratory issues, managing blood disorders, and administering appropriate treatments as needed.

Overdose of Leflunomide should be taken seriously, and it is important to seek immediate medical attention for proper evaluation and management.

Missed Doses

If you happen to miss a dose of Arava, here are some general guidelines to follow:

1. Take the Missed Dose as Soon as Possible: If you realize that you missed a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.

It is important to note that missing a single dose of Arava is not usually a cause for significant concern. However, consistently missing doses or irregular medication use may affect the overall effectiveness of the treatment. To maximize the benefits of Arava, it is recommended to adhere to your prescribed dosing schedule.