Kaletra

Kaletra is typically prescribed as part of a combination therapy regimen known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the management of HIV infection. It helps to reduce the viral load (the amount of HIV in the blood) and increase the CD4 cell count (immune cells targeted by HIV), thus slowing down the progression of the disease and improving the immune system.

It's important to note that Kaletra is not a cure for HIV/AIDS, but rather a medication that helps manage the infection.

How to use

Drug is available in tablet form and should be taken orally. Here are some general guidelines on how to use this drug:

1. Take Kaletra exactly as prescribed. Do not take more or less than the recommended dose, and do not skip doses.
2. It is usually recommended to take tablets with food to improve its absorption and reduce the chance of stomach upset. Take it with a meal or a snack.
3. Swallow the tablets whole with water. Do not crush, break, or chew the tablets.
4. It's important to take Kaletra consistently and at the same time each day to maintain a steady level of the medication in your body. Setting a reminder or incorporating it into your daily routine can help with adherence.

Dosage

The dosage of Kaletra can vary depending on several factors, including the individual's age, weight, other medications being taken, and the specific condition being treated. Here is some general information about dosing:

For adults and adolescents (12 years of age and older) weighing 40 kg (88 lbs) or more:

• The usual recommended dose is 400 mg/100 mg (lopinavir/ritonavir) tablets.
• This typically involves taking two tablets (400 mg/100 mg) twice daily or four tablets (800 mg/200 mg) once daily.
• It is generally recommended to take Kaletra with food.

For children aged 6 months to 12 years and weighing at least 15 kg (33 lbs) but less than 40 kg (88 lbs):

• The dosage is based on body weight.
• Kaletra is available in tablet form or as a liquid formulation, and the specific dosage instructions for children may vary.

For infants younger than 6 months or children weighing less than 15 kg (33 lbs):

• The dosage will be determined by your healthcare provider, and it is crucial to follow their instructions carefully.

Side effects

Kaletra may cause side effects in some individuals. It's important to note that not everyone experiences side effects, and their severity can vary from person to person. Here are some common side effects:

1. Gastrointestinal Effects: The most frequently reported side effects of Kaletra involve the gastrointestinal system and may include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain or discomfort, and bloating. These symptoms are generally mild to moderate and usually improve over time.
2. Changes in Blood Lipid Levels: Medicine may affect lipid levels in the blood, leading to increased levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Regular monitoring of blood lipid levels is typically recommended, especially in individuals with existing lipid abnormalities.
3. Liver Function Abnormalities: Drug can cause elevations in liver enzymes, which may indicate liver inflammation or damage. Periodic liver function tests are commonly performed to monitor for any potential liver-related side effects.
4. Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS): In some individuals with advanced HIV infection, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, including Kaletra, may trigger an inflammatory response known as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. This can cause the worsening of pre-existing infections or the appearance of new symptoms.
5. Allergic Reactions: Rarely, Kaletra may cause allergic reactions, which can manifest as rash, itching, hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Immediate medical attention should be sought if any signs of an allergic reaction occur.
6. Other Side Effects: Additional side effects that have been reported, although less commonly, include headache, fatigue, dizziness, sleep disturbances, changes in taste, and mood changes.

Storage

Kaletra should be stored according to the following guidelines:

1. Store tablets or oral solution at room temperature, preferably between 20°C and 25°C (68°F and 77°F).
2. Keep the medication in its original container with the lid tightly closed to protect it from moisture and humidity.
3. Do not expose Kaletra to excessive heat or direct sunlight.
4. Keep medicine out of the reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.
5. Do not store drug in the bathroom or near sinks, as the moisture and heat in these environments can degrade the medication.

Overdose

If you suspect an overdose of Kaletra, it is important to seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center. An overdose can be serious and potentially life-threatening. Here's what you should know about overdose:

1. Signs of overdose: Symptoms of an overdose may vary, but they can include severe nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, and irregular heart rhythm. It is important to note that an overdose of Kaletra can also increase the risk of experiencing severe side effects.
2. Seek medical help: If you or someone else has taken more Kaletra than prescribed or is experiencing symptoms that indicate an overdose, call emergency services right away or go to the nearest emergency room.
3. Treatment: Treatment for Kaletra overdose will depend on the severity of the symptoms and may involve supportive care to address any complications. This may include monitoring vital signs, providing fluids, administering medications to manage symptoms, or any other appropriate medical interventions.

Missed Doses

If you miss a dose of Kaletra, follow these general guidelines:

1. Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
2. It is important to try to maintain a consistent dosing schedule with Kaletra. Set reminders or incorporate it into your daily routine to help you remember to take it at the prescribed times.

 Kaletra (official site)